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1 автоматический вакуумный тормоз
Русско-английский политехнический словарь > автоматический вакуумный тормоз
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2 тормоз
mтормоз, аварийный
—FRA signal m d’alarme, frein d’urgenceDEU Notbremse fENG alarm signal, emergency brakeITA segnale m d'allarme, freno m di emergenzaPLN hamulec m bezpieczeństwaRUS стоп-кран m; тормоз m, аварийныйсм. поз. 628 на
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—FRA frein m de fenêtreDEU Fensterbremse fENG window retarderITA freno m della finestraPLN hamulec m okiennyRUS тормоз m приводного валикасм. поз. 1322 на
тормоз, автоматический вакуумный
—FRA frein m à vide automatiqueDEU Saugluftbremse fITA freno m a vuotoPLN samoczynny hamulec m próżniowyRUS тормоз m, автоматический вакуумныйтормоз, автоматический воздушный, пассажирского вагона
—FRA frein m automatique à air comprimé pour matériel à voyageursDEU Druckluftbremse f, selbsttätige für PersonenzügeITA freno m automatico ad aria compressa per materiale viaggiatoriPLN hamulec m samoczynny o sprężonym powietrzu wagonów osobowychRUS тормоз m, автоматический воздушный, пассажирского вагонасм. поз. 625 на, тормоз, автоматический скоростный
—FRA frein m à air automatique à haute puissance avec réglage électrique de la pressionDEU Hochleistungs-Druckluftbremse f, selbsttätige, mit elektrischer Bremsdruckregelung fITA freno m ad aria automatico ad alta potenza con regolazione elettrica della pressionePLN hamulec m samoczynny o sprężonym powietrzu wielkiej mocyRUS тормоз m, автоматический скоростныйсм. поз. 645 натормоз, воздушный автоматический, грузового вагона
—FRA frein m automatique a air comprimé pour matériel à marchandisesDEU Druckluftbremse f, selbsttätige für GüterzügeITA freno m automatico ad aria compressa per materiale merciPLN hamulec m o sprężonym powietrzu przy wagonach towarowychRUS тормоз m, воздушный автоматический, грузового вагонасм. поз. 613 на
тормоз, воздушный, автоматический и неавтоматический пассажирского вагона
—FRA frein m à air comprimé — automatique et direct — pour matériel à voyageursDEU Druckluftbremse f, selbsttätige und nicht selbsttätige für PersonenzügeITA freno m ad aria compressa automatico e diretto per materiale viaggiatoriPLN hamulec m o sprężonym powietrzu samoczynny i niesamoczynny wagonów osobowychRUS тормоз m, воздушный, автоматический и неавтоматический пассажирского вагонасм. поз. 641 натормоз, дисковый, с тормозным диском на оси
—FRA frein m à disque calé sur l’essieuDEU Scheibenbremse f mit Bremsscheibe auf der AchseITA freno m a disco applicato sull'assePLN hamulec m tarczowy z tarczą na osi zestawuRUS тормоз m, дисковый, с тормозным диском на осисм. поз. 755 на
тормоз, дисковый, с тормозным диском на центре колеса
—FRA frein m à disque rapporté sur la roueDEU Scheibenbremse f mit Bremsscheibe am RadkörperITA freno m a disco applicato sulla ruotaPLN hamulec m tarczowy z tarczami na kołachRUS тормоз m, дисковый, с тормозным диском на центре колесасм. поз. 763 натормоз, ручной, с боковым маховиком
—FRA îrein m à vis manœuvrable du solDEU Feststellbremse f, seitlicheITA freno m a mano manovrabile da terraPLN hamulec m ręczny z kółkiem bocznymRUS тормоз m, ручной, с боковым маховикомсм. поз. 600 на
тормоз, ручной, с зубчатой передачей
—FRA frein m à vis à commande par pignonsDEU Handbremse f mit Zahnradübersetzung fITA freno m a vite a comando con pignoniPLN bamulee m ręczny z przekładnią zębatąRUS тормоз m, ручной, с зубчатой передачейсм. поз. 561 на
тормоз, ручной, с кривым рычагом
—FRA îrein m à vis à commande par arbre de renvoiDEU Handbremse f mit Hebelübersetzung fITA freno m a vite con albero di rinvioPLN hamulec m ręczny z dźwignią kątowąRUS тормоз m, ручной, с кривым рычагомсм. поз. 577 на
тормоз, рычажный
—FRA frein m à levierDEU Hebelhandbremse fENG hand lever brakeITA freno m a stangaPLN hamulec m ręczny z dźwignią bocznąRUS тормоз m, рычажныйсм. поз. 588 на
тормоз, электромагнитный
—FRA frein m électro-magnèti queDEU Magnetschienenbremse fITA freno m elettromagneticoPLN hamulec m szynowyRUS тормоз m, электромагнитныйсм. поз. 769 на
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3 Aspinall, Sir John Audley Frederick
[br]b. 25 August 1851 Liverpool, Englandd. 19 January 1937 Woking, England[br]English mechanical engineer, pioneer of the automatic vacuum brake for railway trains and of railway electrification.[br]Aspinall's father was a QC, Recorder of Liverpool, and Aspinall himself became a pupil at Crewe Works of the London \& North Western Railway, eventually under F.W. Webb. In 1875 he was appointed Manager of the works at Inchicore, Great Southern \& Western Railway, Ireland. While he was there, some of the trains were equipped, on trial, with continuous brakes of the non-automatic vacuum type. Aspinall modified these to make them automatic, i.e. if the train divided, brakes throughout both parts would be applied automatically. Aspinall vacuum brakes were subsequently adopted by the important Great Northern, Lancashire \& Yorkshire, and London \& North Western Railways.In 1883, aged only 32, Aspinall was appointed Locomotive Superintendent of the Great Southern \& Western Railway, but in 1886 he moved in the same capacity to the Lancashire \& Yorkshire Railway, where his first task was to fit out the new works at Horwich. The first locomotive was completed there in 1889, to his design. In 1899 he introduced a 4–4–2, the largest express locomotive in Britain at the time, some of which were fitted with smokebox superheaters to Aspinall's design.Unusually for an engineer, in 1892 Aspinall was appointed General Manager of the Lancashire \& Yorkshire Railway. He electrified the Liverpool-Southport line in 1904 at 600 volts DC with a third rail; this was an early example of main-line electrification, for it extended beyond the Liverpool suburban area. He also experimented with 3,500 volt DC overhead electrification of the Bury-Holcombe Brook branch in 1913, but converted this to 1,200 volts DC third rail to conform with the Manchester-Bury line when this was electrified in 1915. In 1918 he was made a director of the Lancashire \& Yorkshire Railway.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsKnighted 1917. President, Institution of Mechanical Engineers 1909. President, Institution of Civil Engineers 1918.Further ReadingH.A.V.Bulleid, 1967, The Aspinall Era, Shepperton: Ian Allan (provides a good account of Aspinall and his life's work).C.Hamilton Ellis, 1958, Twenty Locomotive Men, Shepperton: Ian Allan, Ch. 19 (a good brief account).PJGRBiographical history of technology > Aspinall, Sir John Audley Frederick
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4 автовакуумный тормоз
Railway term: automatic vacuum brakeУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > автовакуумный тормоз
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5 автоматический вакуумный тормоз
Engineering: automatic vacuum brakeУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > автоматический вакуумный тормоз
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6 freno
m.1 brake (automobiles).¡echa el freno! (informal) put a sock in it!, that's enough of that!; (detente, cállate) don't get carried away! (no te pases)pisar el freno to step on the brakesfrenos ABS ABS brakesfreno automático automatic brakefrenos de disco disk brakes2 bit.3 check.poner freno a to put a stop to4 restraint, curb, deterrent, bridle.pres.indicat.1st person singular (yo) present indicative of spanish verb: frenar.* * *1 (de auto) brake2 (de caballería) bit3 figurado (contención) curb, check\morder el freno figurado to champ at the bitponer freno a algo figurado to curb somethingponer el freno to put on the brakesoltar el freno to release the brakefreno de disco disc brakefreno de mano handbrakefreno de tambor drum brakelíquido de frenos brake fluid* * *noun m.1) brake2) check3) restraint* * *SM1) (Aut, Mec) brakeechar el freno o los frenos — to apply the brake(s)
pisé el freno — I put my foot on the brake, I applied the brake
freno de mano — handbrake, emergency brake (EEUU)
poner o echar el freno de mano — to put on the handbrake
frenos ABS — ABS (brakes), ABS (braking)
2) [de caballo] bitmorder o tascar el freno — (lit, fig) to champ at the bit
3) (=contención) brakemedidas que actúan como freno al crecimiento económico — measures that act as a brake on economic growth, measures that slow down economic growth
poner freno a algo: hay que poner freno a la especulación — we must curb speculation
frenos y contrapesos, frenos y equilibrios — (Pol) checks and balances
4) Cono Sur * (=hambre) hunger* * *1) (Mec, Transp) brake2) (Equ) bit3) ( contención)poner freno a algo — a gastos/importaciones to curb something; a abusos to put a stop to something
4) frenos masculino plural (Méx) ( para los dientes) braces (pl) (AmE), brace (esp BrE)* * *1) (Mec, Transp) brake2) (Equ) bit3) ( contención)poner freno a algo — a gastos/importaciones to curb something; a abusos to put a stop to something
4) frenos masculino plural (Méx) ( para los dientes) braces (pl) (AmE), brace (esp BrE)* * *freno11 = brake.Ex: And it has to be recognized that the very popularity of the scheme will always act as a brake on the most radical editorial team.
* freno antibloqueo = antilock brake.* freno de disco = disc brake.* freno de emergencia = emergency brake.* freno de mano = hand brake [handbrake].* freno de pie = foot brake [footbrake].* freno de tambor = drum brake.* líquido de frenos = brake fluid.* luz de freno = brake light, stoplamp, stoplight.* mordaza de frenos = brake caliper.* pastilla de frenos = brake pad.* pedal del freno = brake pedal.* pisar el freno = apply + the brakes.* sistema de frenos = brake system, braking system.* zapata de freno = brake shoe.freno22 = disincentive, inhibition.Ex: Reclassification can be a major exercise involving much relation of stock, and this is clearly a disincentive to the complete revision of the classified stock.
Ex: This has been a major source of inhibition to the development of British efforts to create a bank of microcopy versions of theses accepted.* poner freno = curb.* poner freno a = place + a curb on, clamp down on.freno33 = bit.Nota: Generalmente de caballo.Ex: Horse-trappings include the saddle, stirrups, bridle (reins and bit), and ornamental fittings, such as bells and saddle decorations.
* * *revisaron los frenos they checked the brakesse quedó sin frenos his brakes failedfrenos traseros rear o back brakesCompuestos:echar or poner el freno de mano to put the emergency brake o handbrake onsoltar or quitar el freno de mano to release the emergency brake o handbrakempl power brakes (pl)mpl air brakes (pl)mpl disc brakes (pl)mpl drum brakes (pl)mpl air brakes (pl)B ( Equ) bitC(contención): hay que poner freno a estos abusos we must curb these abusesesto supondría un freno al desarrollo del programa this would slow the program down o hold the program backsi no ponen freno al excesivo gasto público if they do not put a brake on o curb o check excessive public spending* * *
Del verbo frenar: ( conjugate frenar)
freno es:
1ª persona singular (yo) presente indicativo
frenó es:
3ª persona singular (él/ella/usted) pretérito indicativo
Multiple Entries:
frenar
freno
frenar ( conjugate frenar) verbo transitivo
1 (Transp) to brake
2 ‹proceso/deterioro› to slow … down;
‹alza/inflación› to curb, check;
‹progreso/desarrollo› to hold … back
verbo intransitivo
to brake, apply the brake(s) (frml)
freno sustantivo masculinoa) (Mec, Transp) brake;
b) (Equ) bitc) ( contención):
( a abusos) to put a stop to sthd)
frenar verbo transitivo
1 (un vehículo, máquina) to brake
2 (contener) (crisis, inflación, etc) to slow down
(una tendencia, un impulso) to restrain
freno sustantivo masculino
1 (de un mecanismo) brake
(de un caballo) bit
freno de mano, handbrake
2 (límite, traba) curb, check: no le pongas freno a tu imaginación, don't curb your imagination
♦ Locuciones: ¡echa el freno, cool it!
' freno' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
pisar
- tambor
- antideslizante
- brusquedad
- ir
- pedal
- soltar
English:
act
- apply
- brake
- bridle
- check
- curb
- disincentive
- handbrake
- release
- bit
- discourage
- hand
* * *♦ nm1. [en automóvil] brake;pisar el freno to step on the brakes;Fam¡echa el freno! [detente, cállate] that's enough of that!, Br put a sock in it!;[no te pases] hold your horses! frenos ABS ABS brakes;freno automático automatic brake;frenos de disco disc brakes;freno hidráulico hydraulic brake;freno neumático air brake;freno de pie foot brake;freno de tambor drum brake;freno de vacío vacuum brake2. [de caballerías] bit;3. [contención] check;la inflación es un freno al crecimiento inflation holds back growth;una lucha sin freno an all-out struggle;su deseo de poder no tiene freno his lust for power is insatiable;poner freno a to put a stop to♦ nmpl* * *m brake;poner freno a algo fig curb sth, check sth* * *freno nm1) : brake2) : bit (of a bridle)3) : check, restraint* * *freno n brake -
7 переключатель
m—FRA commutateur m de chauffageDEU Heizwahlschalter mENG heating switchITA commutatore m del riscaldamentoPLN przełącznik m ogrzewaniaRUS переключатель m цепи отоплениясм. поз. 2386 на
переключатель «день – ночь»
—FRA inverseur m "jour-nuit"DEU Umschalter m "Tag-Nacht"ITA commutatore m "giorno-notte"PLN przełącznik m "dzień — noc“RUS переключатель m «день – ночь»см. поз. 2467 на
переключатель «непосредственное – автоматическое»
—FRA inverseur m,,direct-automatique"DEU Umschalter m "Hand-Selbsttätig"ITA commutatore m "diretto-automatico"PLN przełącznik m "ręczne — samoczynne"RUS переключатель m «непосредственное – автоматическое»см. поз. 2466 на—FRA commutateur m de compartimentDEU Abteilschalter mITA commutatore m per compartimentoPLN przełącznik m przedziałowyRUS переключатель m в купесм. поз. 2337 на
переключатель для регулирования температуры
—FRA commutateur m de réglage de températureDEU Wahlschalter m für RaumtemperaturITA commutatore m di regolazione della temperaturaPLN przełącznik m regulacji temperaturyRUS переключатель m для регулирования температурысм. поз. 2557 на
—FRA commande f de combinateur de sélection de courantDEU Spannungswählschalter mITA comando m del combinatore (selettore) di tensionePLN przełącznik m ogrzewania wielonapięciowegoRUS переключатель m напряженийсм. поз. 2346 на
—FRA dispositif m de sélection de tensionDEU Spannungswähleinrichtung fENG voltage selectorITA dispositivo m di cambio di tensionePLN przełącznik m napięćRUS переключатель m напряжениясм. поз. 2352 на
FRA dispositif m de sélection de courantDEU Stromwähleinrichtung fITA dispositivo m di selezione di tensionePLN wybierak m prąduRUS переключатель m напряжениясм. поз. 2446 напереключатель режима торможения
—FRA bouton-poussoir m de changement de régime manuelDEU Umstellschalter mITA pulsante m di cambiamento di regime manualePLN przycisk m ręcznyRUS переключатель m режима торможениясм. поз. 648 напереключатель тормозного режима
—FRA boîte f "Vide-Chargé"DEU Lastwechselkasten mITA dispositivo m "vuoto-carico"PLN skrzynka f zmieniacza hamownościRUS переключатель m тормозного режимасм. поз. 514 на
—FRA commutateur ш d’éclairageDEU Regelumschalter mENG lighting switchITA commutatore m del circuito di illuminazionePLN przełącznik m obwodów oświetleniaRUS переключатель m цепи освещениясм. поз. 2136 на
переключатель, автоматический грузового режима
—FRA dispositif m de freinage automatique de la chargeDEU Lastabbremsung f, selbsttätigeITA dispositivo m per la frenatura automatica del caricoPLN nastawiacz m samoczynny ciężarowy hamulcaRUS переключатель m, автоматический грузового режимапереключатель, режимный автоматический
—FRA dispositif m de freinage automatique de la chargeDEU Lastabbremsung f, selbsttätige für SaugluftbremseITA dispositivo m di frenatura automatica del caricoPLN nastawiacz m siły hamowania, samoczynnyRUS переключатель m, режимный автоматическийсм. поз. 793 на
переключатель, электромагнитный
—FRA commutateur m électro-magnétiqueDEU Umschalter m, elektromagnetischerENG magnetic switchITA commutatore m elettromagneticoPLN przełącznik m elektromagnetycznyRUS переключатель m, электромагнитныйсм. поз. 750 на
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8 тормоз
муж.brake; (в чем-л.) перен. obstacle (in), hindrance (to), drag (on)автоматический тормоз (поездной) — automatic/self-acting brake
воздушный тормоз — air/pneumatic brake
запасной тормоз — emergency brake ж.-д.
стать тормозом — (в чем-л.) (в развитии и т.п.) to become a drag (on), to become a hindrance, to become an obstacle
тормоз отката — воен. recoil brake
••спустить что-л. на тормозах — to let smth. drop, to drop smth., to settle smth. Quietly
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9 Westinghouse, George
[br]b. 6 October 1846 Central Bridge, New York, USAd. 12 March 1914 New York, New York, USA[br]American inventor and entrepreneur, pioneer of air brakes for railways and alternating-current distribution of electricity.[br]George Westinghouse's father was an ingenious manufacturer of agricultural implements; the son, after a spell in the Union Army during the Civil War, and subsequently in the Navy as an engineer, went to work for his father. He invented a rotary steam engine, which proved impracticable; a rerailing device for railway rolling stock in 1865; and a cast-steel frog for railway points, with longer life than the cast-iron frogs then used, in 1868–9. During the same period Westinghouse, like many other inventors, was considering how best to meet the evident need for a continuous brake for trains, i.e. one by which the driver could apply the brakes on all vehicles in a train simultaneously instead of relying on brakesmen on individual vehicles. By chance he encountered a magazine article about the construction of the Mont Cenis Tunnel, with a description of the pneumatic tools invented for it, and from this it occurred to him that compressed air might be used to operate the brakes along a train.The first prototype was ready in 1869 and the Westinghouse Air Brake Company was set up to manufacture it. However, despite impressive demonstration of the brake's powers when it saved the test train from otherwise certain collision with a horse-drawn dray on a level crossing, railways were at first slow to adopt it. Then in 1872 Westinghouse added to it the triple valve, which enabled the train pipe to charge reservoirs beneath each vehicle, from which the compressed air would apply the brakes when pressure in the train pipe was reduced. This meant that the brake was now automatic: if a train became divided, the brakes on both parts would be applied. From then on, more and more American railways adopted the Westinghouse brake and the Railroad Safety Appliance Act of 1893 made air brakes compulsory in the USA. Air brakes were also adopted in most other parts of the world, although only a minority of British railway companies took them up, the remainder, with insular reluctance, preferring the less effective vacuum brake.From 1880 Westinghouse was purchasing patents relating to means of interlocking railway signals and points; he combined them with his own inventions to produce a complete signalling system. The first really practical power signalling scheme, installed in the USA by Westinghouse in 1884, was operated pneumatically, but the development of railway signalling required an awareness of the powers of electricity, and it was probably this that first led Westinghouse to become interested in electrical processes and inventions. The Westinghouse Electric Company was formed in 1886: it pioneered the use of electricity distribution systems using high-voltage single-phase alternating current, which it developed from European practice. Initially this was violently opposed by established operators of direct-current distribution systems, but eventually the use of alternating current became widespread.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsLégion d'honneur. Order of the Crown of Italy. Order of Leopold.BibliographyWestinghouse took out some 400 patents over forty-eight years.Further ReadingH.G.Prout, 1922, A Life of "George Westinghouse", London (biography inclined towards technicalities).F.E.Leupp, 1918, George Westinghouse: His Life and Achievements, Boston (London 1919) (biography inclined towards Westinghouse and his career).J.F.Stover, 1961, American Railroads, Chicago: University of Chicago Press, pp. 152–4.PJGR -
10 регулятор
м.controller; governor; regulator- автоматический регулятор зазоравакуумный регулятор опережения зажигания — vacuum advance mechanism, vacuum advance regulator
- автоматический регулятор напряжения
- бесконтактный регулятор
- вакуумный регулятор
- всережимный регулятор
- регулятор высоты
- регулятор давления в системе
- регулятор давления наддува
- регулятор давления топлива
- регулятор давления
- регулятор компрессора
- регулятор максимального числа оборотов
- регулятор мощности
- регулятор нагрузки
- регулятор напряжения
- регулятор оборотов холостого хода
- регулятор постоянного действия
- регулятор притока свежего воздуха
- регулятор расхода
- регулятор скорости
- регулятор температуры
- регулятор тока в первичной цепи
- регулятор тормозных сил
- регулятор уровня
- ручной регулятор зазора
- тепловой регулятор
- центробежный регулятор
- электронный регулятор
- электронный регулятор напряжения
- электропневматический регулятор
См. также в других словарях:
Vacuum brake — The vacuum brake is a braking system used on trains. It was first introduced in the mid 1860s and a variant, the automatic vacuum brake system became almost universal in British train equipment, and in those countries influenced by British… … Wikipedia
Railway brake — A traditional clasp brake: the brake shoe (brown) bears on the surface (tyre) of the wheel (red), and is operated by the levers (grey) on the left … Wikipedia
Automatic Warning System — The Automatic Warning System (AWS) is a form of limited cab signalling and train protection system introduced in 1956 in the United Kingdom to help train drivers observe and obey signals. It was based on a 1930 system developed by Alfred Ernest… … Wikipedia
Vacuum packing — Salt baked chicken feet sold in China: vacuum packed and ready to eat Vacuum packing or vacuum packaging is a method of packaging that removes air from the package prior to sealing. It can involve both rigid and flexible types of packaging. The… … Wikipedia
Railway air brake — Piping diagram from 1920 of a Westinghouse E T Air Brake system on a locomotive … Wikipedia
New York Air Brake — NYAB redirects here. For other uses, see NYAB (disambiguation). New York Air Brake Type Privately Held Company Founded 1890 Headquarters Watertown, New York USA … Wikipedia
Emergency brake (train) — This article is about emergency brakes on trains. For emergency brakes in cars, see hand brake. Driver s brake handle in a UK Electric Multiple Unit On trains, the expression emergency brake has several meanings: The maximum brake force available … Wikipedia
Steam brake — A steam brake is a type of brake for steam locomotives and their tenders, whereby a steam cylinder works directly on the brake linkages. Steam brakes were primarily used on railways where vacuum brakes were used to brake the train, but where… … Wikipedia
Semi-automatic transmission — Transmission types Manual Sequential manual Non synchronous Preselector Automatic Manumatic Semi automatic Electrohydraulic … Wikipedia
Drum brake — A drum brake with the drum removed as used on the rear wheel of a car or truck. Note that in this installation, a cable operated parking brake uses the service shoes … Wikipedia
Disc brake — Close up of a disc brake on a car On automobiles, disc brakes are often located with … Wikipedia
